Nepal: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide, especially in Koshi Province, through July

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity nationwide in Nepal, with more than 2,930 suspected cases reported Jan. 1-July 15. This is 3.3 times higher than the 885 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Koshi Province (1,746 cases) is the most affected, followed by Bagmati Province (468 cases), Sudhur Paschim (279 cases), Gandaki Province (269 cases), and Lumbini Province (134 cases). Health officials have initiated a campaign encouraging all public offices to conduct a cleanliness campaign in their office premises every week and are disseminating educational resources on dengue prevention and control to the public. This represents the most complete information available as of July 19.

Context

Dengue fever is endemic in Nepal and is considered a year-round threat, with the highest risk occurring from June-September. Health authorities identified roughly 54,784 cases of dengue fever in 2022, 540 cases in 2021, 530 cases in 2020, and 17,992 cases in 2019.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.